On April 29, 2003, the Zicklin School of Business hosted a trading conference titled, Coping With Institutional Order Flow. This conference was electronically recorded and later transcribed for this book. The text includes the edited transcript of the panel discussions and separate presentations by two major industry executives, Richard Ketchum' and Robert Mc Sweeney. As with the other volumes in this popular series, this book is not simply intended to be an historical record of the conference. We have edited the manuscript for clarity, perspective and context. New material was gathered in subsequent interviews with many of the panelists. Consequently, some remarks and passages in the text were altered and expanded and many footnotes were introduced. Our goal was to flesh out the dialogue and presentations and to keep the material as contemporary as possible. In doing so, we went to great lengths to preserve the essential nature of the original debate. We worked closely with the panelists in the editing process and took pains not to distort the meaning of their remarks. They have all approved the final draft of the manuscript. We thank them for their assistance and patience. \n my opening remarks at the conference, I suggested that effective handling of institutional order flow is one of the most important and difficult At the time of the conference, Richard Ketchum was President and Deputy Chairman at The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. Preface xiv challenges facing our equity markets today.

Robert A. Schwartz is Marvin M. Speiser Professor of Finance and University Distinguished Professor in the Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, CUNY. Before joining the Baruch faculty in 1997, he was Professor of Finance and Economics and Yamaichi Faculty Fellow at New York University's Leonard N. Stern School of Business, where he had been a member of the faculty since 1965. Professor Schwartz received his Ph.D. in Economics from Columbia University. His research is in the area of financial economics, with a primary focus on the structure of securities markets. He has published numerous journal articles and eleven books, includingEquityMarkets in Action: The Fundamentals of Liquidity, Market Structure and Trading, Wiley& Sons, 2004, andReshaping the Equity Markets: A Guide for the 1990s, Harper Business, 1991 (reissued by Business One Irwin, 1993). He has served as a consultant to various market centers including the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, Nasdaq, the London Stock Exchange, Instinet, the Arizona Stock Exchange, Deutsche Börse, and the Bolsa Mexicana. From April 1983 to April 1988, he was an associate editor ofThe Journal of Finance, and he is currently an associate editor of theReview of Quantitative Finance and Accounting,the Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies,andThe Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance& Business Ventures, and is a member of the advisory board ofInternational Finance. In December 1995, Professor Schwartz was named the first chairman of Nasdaq's Economic Advisory Board, and he served on the EAB until Spring 1999.

Evidence on Institutional Trading Practices.- Interaction Between Investment and Trading Decisions.- How Best to Integrate the Order Flow.- New Systems for Institutional Investors.- The Evolution of the Modern Nasdaq.- Overcoming Resistance to Change.- Nyse Market Structure and Services.- Best Execution: A Candid Analysis.