This book examines what a scholar looks and feels like in contemporary times. It suggests that scholars are more than people employed as academics and discusses how different world ideologies, cultures and systems view their scholars and how they might be considered in the changing and challenging nature of higher education. The book includes discussion from Islamic, Confucian, postcolonial and post-Soviet perspectives, alongside other approaches such as the scholar-artist, thinker, teacher and activist. It will appeal to students and scholars working in the philosophy of higher education, higher education practice and comparative studies.

Paul Gibbs is Emeritus Professor and founder of the Centre for Education Research and Scholarship at Middlesex University, UK, Visiting Professor at University of Technology Sydney, Australia, and Azerbaijan and East European Universities.

Victoria de Rijke is Professor of Arts & Education and Director of the Centre for Education Research and Scholarship at Middlesex University, UK.

Andrew Peterson is Professor of Character and Citizenship Education and Deputy Director of the Jubilee Centre for Character and Virtues at the University of Birmingham, UK.