This thesis reveals how the feedback trap technique, developed to trap small objects for biophysical measurement, could be adapted for the quantitative study of the thermodynamic properties of small systems. The experiments in this thesis are related to Maxwells demon, a hypothetical intelligent, neat fingered being that uses information to extract work from heat, apparently creating a perpetual-motion machine.

 The second law of thermodynamics should make that impossible, but how? That question has stymied physicists and provoked debate for a century and a half. The experiments in this thesis confirm a hypothesis proposed by Rolf Landauer over fifty years ago: that Maxwells demon would need to erase information, and that erasing informationresetting the measuring device to a standard starting staterequires dissipating as much energy as is gained.

 For his thesis work, the author used a feedback trap to study the motion of colloidal particles in v

Dr. Momilo Gavrilov grew up in Belgrade, Serbia, where he also received his bachelor degree in physics from Belgrade University in 2010.  He completed his PhD in physics under supervision of Prof. John Bechhoefer at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada in 2016.  Dr. Gavrilov is currently a biophysics postdoctoral fellow in Prof. Taekjip Ha lab at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, United States.  He is using  nanopore methods to explore the helicase activity of motor proteins and understand how biological systems process information.

Introduction.- Feedback Trap.- Real-time Calibration of a Feedback Trap.- High-Precision Test of Landauers Principle.- Erasure without Work in an Asymmetric, Double-well Potential.- Thermodynamical and Logical Irreversibility.- Arbitrarily Slow, Non-quasistatic, Isothermal Transformations.- Partial Memory Erasure: Testing Shannons Entropy Function.- Conclusion.